تأثیرات تمرینات تناوبی شدید (HIIT)، مقاومتی و استقامتی بر مقدار عامل رشد شبه‌انسولینی-1 و بیان miRNA-1 و miRNA-133a سرمی و عملکرد جسمانی مردان ورزشکار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 دکتری گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

 
هدف مطالعۀ حاضر بررسی تأثیر 8 هفته تمرین تناوبی شدید (HIIT)، مقاومتی و استقامتی بر آمادگی هوازی یا اکسیژن مصرفی بیشینه (VO2max)، قدرت بیشینه، عامل رشد شبه‌انسولینی-1 (IGF-I) و بیان miRNA-1 و miRNA-133a مردان ورزشکار جوان بود. در این مطالعۀ نیمه‌‌‌تجربی،  49 مرد ورزشکار جوان (20-18 ساله) انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در چهار گروه همگن تمرین تناوبی شدید، مقاومتی، استقامتی و کنترل جایگزین شدند. سپس، 8 هفته (هر هفته 3 تا 4 جلسه) تمرین تناوبی شدید، تمرین استقامتی و تمرین مقاومتی انجام گرفت. نمونه‌های خونی، 24 ساعت قبل و بعد از مداخلۀ تمرینی جمع‌آوری شد. بیان  miRNA-1و miRNA-133a بعد از هر سه نوع تمرین کاهش یافت (05/0>P) و تفاوت معنا‌داری بین هر سه گروه مشاهده نشد (05/0 <P). همچنین، اکسیژن مصرفی بیشینه پس از 8 هفته تمرین استقامتی و تمرین تناوبی شدید به‌طور معنا‌داری افزایش یافت و افزایش در گروه تمرین تناوبی شدید به‌طور معنا‌داری بیشتر از هر سه گروه دیگر بود. غلظت عامل رشد شبه‌انسولینی-1 پس از اتمام دورۀ تمرینی در دو گروه تمرین مقاومتی و تمرین تناوبی شدید به‌طور معنا‌داری افزایش یافت. به‌علاوه، میزان پرس سینه تنها در گروه تمرین مقاومتی و میزان پرس پا و تودۀ خالص بدنی در هر سه گروه تمرینی افزایش یافت که افزایش آن در گروه تمرین مقاومتی بیشتر از دو گروه تمرین استقامتی و تمرین تناوبی شدید بود. به‌نظر می‌رسد این miRNAها بیومارکرهای خونی برای ارزیابی سازگاری با تمرینات ورزشی‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Endurance Training and Resistance Training on Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Level, miRNA-133a and miRNA-1 Expression and Physical Performance in Male Athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Karim Azali Alamdari 1
  • Mostafa Armanfar 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Sciences , Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
2 2. PhD, Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

 
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT), endurance training and resistance training on aerobic fitness (VO2max), maximal strength, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), the expression of miRNA-1 and miRNA-133a in young male athletes. In this semi-experimental study, 49 young male athletes (18-20 years old) were selected and randomly assigned to four equal groups: HIIT, endurance training (EN), resistance training (RES) and control. Then, eight weeks (3 to 4 sessions per week) of HIIT, endurance training and resistance training were performed. Blood samples were collected 24 hours before and after the training intervention. miRNA-1 and miRNA-133a expressions decreased after three types of training (P<0.05). Also, there was no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). VO2max significantly increased after 8 weeks of HIIT and RES training. This increase in HIIT group was significantly higher than the other three groups. Concentration of IGF-1 increased significantly after the intervention in the EN and HIIT groups. In addition, the bench press increased only in the RES group and leg press and lean body mass (LBM) increased in all three training groups; this increase in the RES group was more than the EN and HIIT groups. It seems that these miRNAs are circulation biomarkers to evaluate adaptation to training.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • endurance training
  • high intensity interval training
  • male athletes
  • miRNA
  • resistance training

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پژوهش های فیزیولوژی و مدیریت در ورزش
دوره 12، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 137-150

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