بررسی اثر خستگی بر طیف فرکانس الکترومایوگرافی عضلات اندام تحتانی در وزنه‌برداران نوجوان طی حرکت یک‌ضرب و دوضرب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 استادیار بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

 
هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر خستگی بر طیف فرکانس الکترومایوگرافی عضلات اندام تحتانی در وزنه‌برداران نوجوان طی حرکات یک‌ضرب و دوضرب بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه‌تجربی است. 15 وزنه‌بردار نوجوان 12 تا 17 ساله با هماهنگی با هیأت وزنه‌برداری استان اردبیل به‌طور هدفمند انتخاب شدند. از سیستم الکترومایوگرافی بدون سیم با 8 جفت الکترود سطحی دوقطبی برای ثبت فعالیت الکترومایوگرافی (نرخ نمونه‌برداری: 1000 هرتز) عضلات اندام تحتانی طی حرکات یک‌ضرب و دوضرب استفاده شد. برای انجام پروتکل مناسب خستگی عملکردی هر آزمودنی حرکت اسکوات را برحسب 50 درصد از وزن بدن تا حد واماندگی ادامه دادند. از آزمون آماری آنالیز واریانس دوسویه به‌منظور تحلیل آماری داده‌ها استفاده شد (05/0>P). نتایج نشان داد میانۀ فرکانس عضلۀ پهن داخلی در حرکت یک‌ضرب، بعد از اعمال خستگی در مقایسه با قبل از اعمال خستگی افزایش معناداری داشت (023/0=P؛ اندازۀ اثر بالا). به‌علاوه میانۀ فرکانس فعالیت عضلۀ نیم‌وتری در حرکت یک‌ضرب بیشتر از حرکت دوضرب بود (047/0=P؛ اندازۀ متوسط). همچنین میانۀ فرکانس عضلۀ راست رانی (021/0=P؛ اندازۀ اثر متوسط) و دوسررانی (033/0=P؛ اندازۀ اثر متوسط) در حرکت دوضرب، بعد از اعمال خستگی در مقایسه با قبل از اعمال خستگی افزایش معناداری داشت. نتایج نشان داد طیف فرکانس نیروهای عکس‌العمل زمین عضلات اندام تحتانی در دو حرکت یک‌ضرب و دوضرب قبل و بعد از اعمال خستگی پاسخ‌های متفاوتی را نشان دادند. به همین دلیل لزوم اجرای تمرینات اختصاصی برای هر عضله در تکنیک‌های مختلف ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Fatigue on the Lower Limb Muscle Electromyography Frequency Spectrum in Teen weightlifters during the Snatch and the Clean and Jerk Lift

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajjad Anoushiravani 1
  • AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero 2
  • Mohammad Abdollahpour 3
  • Omid Yousefi 4
1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 M.Sc. of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 M.Sc. of Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fatigue on the lower limb muscle electromyography frequency spectrum in teen weightlifters during the snatch and the clean and jerk move. This study was semi-experimental. 15 teen weightlifters with an age range of 12 to 17 years with purposive sampling were selected in coordination with the Ardabil province weightlifting board. A wireless electromyography system with 8 pairs of bipolar surface electrodes used to record the electromyography activity of lower limb muscles during the running (sample rate: 1000 Hz). For doing functional fatigue, each subject performed squat motion as much as possible to load equal to 50% of body weight. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). Results showed that the median frequency of vastus medialis muscle during snatch after fatigue protocol was greater than before it (P=0.023; large effect size). Moreover, the median frequency of semitendinosus muscle during snatch was greater than clean and jerk (P=0.047; Medium effect size). Also, the median frequency of rectus femoris (P=0.021; medium effect size) and biceps femoris (P=0.033; medium effect size) during clean and jerk increased significantly after fatigue compared to before fatigue. The results showed that the frequency spectrum of the lower limb muscles has different responses in two movements of clean and jerk and snatch before and after fatigue. For this reason, the necessity of performing special exercises for each muscle is necessary for various techniques.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clean and jerk
  • Fatigue
  • Frequency Spectrum
  • Snatch
  • Weightlifters
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