مدل پارادایمی گذران اوقات فراغت دانشجویان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 
امروزه نحوۀ استفاده از اوقات فراغت و برنامه‌ریزی برای آن از معیارهای اصلی توسعه‌یافتگی جوامع است. این پژوهش با هدف تدوین الگوی اوقات فراغت دانشجویان انجام گرفت. پژوهش از نوع پژوهش‌های کیفی با رویکرد تئوری زمینه‌ای است. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مصاحبۀ عمیق با متخصصان اوقات فراغت استفاده شد. نمونه‌ها به‌صورت هدفمند و با روش زنجیره‌ای متوالی (تا کفایت نظری داده‌ها) انتخاب شدند. از تحلیل تفسیری با استفاده از کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی برای تحلیل محتوای مصاحبه‌ها استفاده شد. روایی مصاحبه‌ها از طریق مرور و اصلاح یافته‌ها و پایایی مصاحبه‌ها نیز با استفاده از حسابرسی فرایند و توافق درون‌موضوعی (86/0) تأیید شد. تحلیل محتوای مصاحبه‌ها به شناسایی 62 مفهوم کلیدی منجر شد که در 8 مقوله تجمیع شد. با درنظر گرفتن فعالیت‌های فراغتی به‌عنوان مقولۀ محوری، شش عامل شامل پیشرانه‌ها، عوامل فردی، عوامل محیطی و اجتماعی، عوامل دولتی، عوامل مدیریتی و چالش‌ها بر انتخاب فعالیت‌های فراغتی تأثیر می‌گذراند. اوقات فراغت و نحوۀ گذران آن متأثر از عوامل مختلفی است. برای بهبود فعالیت‌های فراغتی دانشجویان باید عوامل فردی، پیشرانه‌ها، عوامل اجتماعی و محیطی، عوامل دولتی، عوامل مدیریتی و چالش‌های موجود را مورد توجه قرار داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Paradigm Model of Students’ Leisure Time Spending

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Mansouri 1
  • Farzam Farzan 2
  • Mehrzad Hamidi 3
1 Ph.D Student of Sports Management, University of Mazandaran , Mazandaran, Iran
2 Associate professor of Sports Management, University of Mazandaran . Mazandaran. Iran.
3 Associate professor of Sports Management, University of Tehran. Iran
چکیده [English]

 
Today, spending leisure time and planning for it, is one of the developing indexes’ in society. This study had done for the purpose of developing a model for students’ leisure time. the research method was qualitative with a grounded theory approach. To collect data, a deep interview with leisure time professionals’ was conducted. The samples were selected purposefully using sequential chains (until theoretical adequacy of data). The interpretative analysis approach was used to analyze the content of the interviews using open, axial, and selective coding. The validity of the interviews by reviewing and refining the findings and the reliability of the interviews by audit process (documentation) and intra-subject agreement (0.86) were confirmed. The content analysis of the interviews led to the identification of 62 key concepts that were integrated into 8 categories. Regarding leisure activities as a central issue, six factors including drivers, individual factors, social and environmental factors, government factors, management factors, and challenges affect the selection of leisure activities. Leisure time and how it passes through is influenced by several factors. In order to improve students’ leisure activities, should consider individual factors, drivers, social and environmental factors, government factors, management factors, and existing challenges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Internet
  • Leisure time
  • Paradigm
  • Sports
1. Javadipour, M and Smienya, M. Sport For All In Iran and Future Vision, Strategy and plans. Aplicable Researchs in Sport Management, 2013,Vol. 4(1), pp. 21-30. [In Persian]
2. Karbasi, M. Youth and Teens Issues. Tehran : Payamnoor University Publication, 2003. [In Persian]
3. Shoaei, F. Investigating the relationship between summer leisure time and the degree of interest of girl students and their personal characteristics in girls' high schools in Tehran. Master's thesis, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 1998. [In Persian]
4.Kyan, M. students leisure time Spending and their relationship with gender variable (case study of Kharazmi University Campus, 2015, Vol. 22(6), pp. 151-165. [In Persian]
5. Emami, F and Labibi, M M. A Model for Assessing the Satisfaction of Leisure Time and its Motives (Case Study: Citizens of District 10 of Tehran). Social Sciense Studies, 2017, Vol. 3(3), pp. 205-211. [In Persian]
6. Rafatjah, M, Rashvand, M and Shahidizandi, M. Sociological Explanation of Young Women's Leisure Activities with Emphasis on Its Pathological Behaviors. Journal of the Social Cultural Council of Women, 2010, Vol. 50(13), pp. 1-52. [In Persian]
7. Edrisi, G, Razeghi, N and Moslemi, R. Family cultural capital and student's leisure tastes with Bourdieu's theoretical approach (Case study: Students at Tehran University). Quarterly of Sociology of Youth Studies , 2014, Vol. 5, pp. 27-50. [In Persian]
8. Jalali-Farahani, M. Sport Management of Lisure Time. Tehran : tehran University Publication, 2009. [In Persian]
9. Nikkhah, H and Dargazi, M. Sociological study of leisure activities of students of Bandar Abbas Islamic Azad University. Hormozgan cultural research journal, 2016, Vol. 11(1), pp. 107-131. [In Persian]
10. Ghasemi, V, Ganji, M and Moradveisi, R. The impact of gender differences in the use of cultural goods (films, music and books) and how to spend their leisure time. Women Social and Psychological Studies, 2013, Vol. 11(1), pp. 93-124. [In Persian]
11. Azadarmaki, T and Akbari, H. Understanding the essence of Iranian society based on the leisure-time pattern of the younger generation. Journal of Social Studies and Research, 2012, Vol. 1(2), pp. 1-22. [In Persian]
12. Buhalis, D and Law, R. Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet—the state of e-Tourism research. Tourism management, 2008, Vol. 29(4), pp. 609-623.
13. Sjolie, A N and Thuen, F. School journeys and leisure activities in rural and urban adolescents in Norway. Health Promot Int, 2002, Vol. 17(1), pp. 21-30.
14. Tondnevis, F. Students Lisure time spending across the country with an emphasis on physical activity. Doktoral Thesis, Physical education Faculity, Kharazmi University. 1996. [In Persian]
15. . Safanya, A. female students of Islamic Azad universities lisure time spending with emphasis on sports activities. Harakat, 2001, Vol. 9, pp. 40-124. [In Persian]
16. Kafashi, M and Pirjalil, Z. Women's leisure time in virtual space. Women and Society Journal (Women's Sociology), 2016, Vol. 7(4), pp. 105-123. [In Persian]
17. Kazemi, A. Study of styles of leisure life among students and related factors. Tehran : Research Center for Islamic Culture and Education. [In Persian]
18. Ghaem, H, Mohamdsalehi, N and Mohamadbeigi, A. How to spend leisure time and its affairs in students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 2008, Vol. 8, pp. 71-90. [In Persian]
19. Rastgar-Khaled, A, et al. The Effect of New Technologies on Leisure Time and Social Capital of Youth. Social Sciences Journal of Shahed University, 2016, Vol. 33(65), pp. 127-147. [In Persian]
20. Saraf, P, et al. Study of how to spend leisure time and its dependent variables in students of Qom University of Medical Sciences in 1394. Journal of Qom University of Medical Sciences, 2016, Vol 11(10), pp. 85-94. [In Persian]
21. Shateryan, M, Eshnavi, A and Ganjipour, M. Spatial Analysis of the Mode and Rate of Leisure Time Spemding (Case Study of Old Texture and New Texture of Kashan). Social-Cuktural Development studies Quarterly , 2012, Vol. 1(2), pp. 140-166. [In Persian]
22.Loyen, A, et al. Recent trends in population levels and correlates of occupational and leisure sitting time in full-time employed Australian adults4, 2018, PloS One, Vol. 13.
23.Lotfizadeh, S. The study of the relationship between the leisure time of urban youth with the socio-economic base 1, , Journal of Iran official statistics, 2012, Vol. 23, pp. 23-53. [In Persian]
24. Al-Sobayel, H, et al. Gender differences in leisure-time versus non-leisure-time physical activity among Saudi adolescents. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2015 Vol. 22(2), pp. 344-348.
25. Razavi, S.M H and Pesarkalo, A. Employed women leisure time spendind in Amol city with an emphasis on sports activities. North Journal of Management and Physiology, 2013, Vol. 1(1), pp. 23-38. [In Persian]
26. Ghafoori, F, Pormoz, M and Keshgar, S. Comparison of the Perceived Pleasure of Leisure Physical Activity in Different Social Economic Classes. New Researchs in sport Management, 2016, Vol. 4(12), pp. 33-45. [In Persian]
27. Elhakeem, A, et al. Intergenerational social mobility and leisure-time physical activity in adulthood: a systematic review. 1, J Epidemiol Community Health, 2017, Vol. 71(1), pp. 673-680.
28. Taghyeh, H. Comparison of lifestyle of athletic and non athlete students with emphasis on how to spend leisure time in high school in Eğlid city. Master's dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Taft Branch, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 2015. [In Persian]
29. Azarafrooz, A. Sociological study of leisure time and its role on lifestyle of people of Rasht. MA dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Faculty of Social Sciences, 2016. [In Persian]
30. Moosavirad, ST and Keshavarz, L. The relationship between leisure time and mental health of athletic and non-athletic teachers in Shahinshahr. Organizational Behavior Management Studies in Sport, 2015, Vol. 6(2), pp. 73-80. [In Persian]
31. Thomee, S, et al. Leisure time computer use and overweight development in young adults–a prospective study. 2015, Vol. 15, pp. 839-842.
32. Tamizifar, R and Azizimehr, KH. Study of the relationship between leisure time and social vitality in Isfahan. Social aid Research Journal, 2017, Vol. 2(6), pp. 209-230. [In Persian]
33. Sadathoseini, S, et al. Studying the Students' Satisfaction Level on Leisure Time and Its Relationship with Native Level in Tehran at Alzahra University. MA Thesis for Social Welfare Planning, Allameh Tabatabaie University. [In Persian]
34. Eratay, E and Aydogan, Y. Study of the Relationship Between Leisure Time Activities and Assertiveness Levels of Students of Abant Izzet Baysal University1, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2015, Vol. 19(1), pp. 2213-2218.
35.Golabi, F. Leisure Types and Its Impact on the Social Health of Youth. two Quarterly of Sociology of Economics and Development, 2013, Vol. 2(2), pp. 121-169. [In Persian]
36. Khaksaryazdi, M. Study of the relationship between leisure time and quality of life of basketball players and coaches in Shiraz. MA dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Taft Branch, Faculty of Literature and Humanities. 2015. [In Persian]
37. Sroosh, M, et al. Comparison of Individual, Family and Friendly Leisure Patterns of Adolescents and Mid-Range Children in Isfahan and the Study of the Role of Gender Identity, Religiosity and its Components in These Patterns. Phylosofical Researchs, 2017, Vol. 37(69), pp. 67-100. [In Persian]
38. Sanaei, Sh and Sharaf-Aldin, S H. The concept of leisure time with the Islamic ethics approachSciense and Research Quarterly of Ethics Research, 2017, Vol. 10(35), pp. 79-102. [In Persian]
39. Fiona, B, Helen, B T and Ted, B. Therapists’ perspectives: supporting children to use switches and technology for accessing their environment, leisure, and communication, 2018, Vol. 11(2), pp. 133-147.
40. Talha, H and Ken, R. Young adults, new media, leisure and change in Saudi Arabia. World Leisure Journal, 2018, Vol. 60(2), pp. 127-139.
41. Eric, M. Living with technology. Scandinavian journal of information systems, 2018, Vol. 10, pp. 249-254.
42. Farokhzad, P. Historical Research Guide (Library). Tehran : Tahoory Publication, 2005. [In Persian]
43. Strauss, A and Corbin, J. Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. . s.l. : Sage publications, 2014.
44. Ebrahimi, GH, Razeghi, N and Moslemi-Petrodi, R. Leisure time and social factors affecting it: (Case study of 15-64 year old people in Joybar city). Applied sociology, 2011, Vol. 22(44), pp. 71-98. [In Persian]
45.Aghapour, M. Spending Lisure Time, Golbarg, 2011, Vol. 121, pp. 20-35. [In Persian]
46. Torkildsen, G. Leisure and recreation management. London : Routledge, 2012.
47. Abkar, A. Study of leisure time spending and physical activities' place in leisure time of students of Islamic Azad University of Abhar Branch. Behavioral Sciense Quarterly, 2008, Vol. 1, pp. 11-24. [In Persian]
48. Mafi, E, et al. Urban Furniture and Citizens' Leisure Time (Case Study of Sabzevar ParksGeographycal Sciense Journal, 2016, Vol. 7(12), pp. 94-109. [In Persian]
49. Chaboki, O. Globalization and leisure time spending chengs: case study of Tehran. Cultural-Educational quarterly of women and family, 2013, Vol. 8(25), pp. 140-160. [In Persian]
50. Lashgarara, B, et al. Internet adection and general health in students of Tehran medical sciense university. JBFIBR, 2013, Vol. 10(1), pp. 67-76. [In Persian]
51. Farsi, M and Tavana, E. Hello Life. Khorasan : Khorasan Newspaper, 2016. pp. 571-572. [In Persian]
52. Barin, H and Petosta, R. Impact of the planning to be active. leisure time physical exercise program on rural high school students, 2008, Vol. 39(4), pp. 21-30.