استاندارد سازی پرسشنامه انگیزه گردشگران ورزشی پیست‎های اسکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 
هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی استانداردسازی پرسشنامۀ انگیزۀ گردشگران ورزشی (وی، 2009) پیست‌های اسکی استان تهران بود. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش، کلیۀ گردشگران پیست‌های اسکی استان تهران (دیزین، آبعلی، شمشک و توچال) بودند که با توجه به اینکه کل جامعه بیش از ده هزار نفر بود، از طریق جدول مورگان 370 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامۀ 22 سؤالی وی (2008) بود که دارای شش مؤلفۀ کسب تجربه، سلامتی، آرامش، خودیابی، مهارت‌های حرفه‌ای و ارتباطات بین‌فردی است و روش نمره‌گذاری به سؤالات براساس طیف پنج‌ارزشی لیکرت بود. روایی صوری و محتوایی آن توسط استادان مدیریت ورزشی در زمینۀ گردشگری ورزشی و همچنین چندین تن از متخصصان روان‌سنجی تأیید شد و پایایی ابزار از طریق آلفای کرونباخ به‌دست آمد (84/0=α). از آزمون تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی برای بررسی ساختار عاملی و از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی برای تعیین روایی سازه با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و LISREL استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که پرسشنامه از همسانی درونی قابل قبولی برخوردار است و ضرایب آلفای کرونباخ در مؤلفه‌های آن بین 65/0 تا 86/0 است. نتایج مؤید این بود که ساختار پرسشنامه، برازش قابل قبولی با داده‌ها دارد و کلیۀ شاخص‌های نیکویی برازش، مدل را تأیید می‌کنند. یافته‌های تحلیل عاملی تقریباً مشابه تحقیقات انجام‌گرفته در فرهنگ اصلی و ضرایب پایایی و روایی به نتایج سایر پژوهش‌ها نزدیک بود. بنابراین با توجه به مطلوبیت ابزار، این پرسشنامه ابزار مناسبی برای شناخت و آگاهی از انگیزه‌های گردشگران پیست‌های اسکی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Standardizing the Questionnaire of Ski Resort Visitors’ Motivation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Mahmoudi 1
  • Mahdi Karoubi 2
  • mohammadhasan mottaghi shahri 1
  • Hassan Ghamati 3
1 PhD, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
3 PhD Student, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
The current study aimed at examining the standardization of a questionnaire named ‘Ski Resort Visitors’ Motivation’ (Wei, 2009) in Tehran province. The population consisted of all the ski resort visitors in Tehran province (Dizin, Abali, Shemshak, and Tochal). Using Morgan table, 370 out of more than 10000 visitors were selected as the sample of the study. The data were collected Wei’s (2008) 22-item questionnaire comprising of six components: experience, physical fitness, relaxation, self-achievement, professional skills and interpersonal relationships. The questionnaire was scored based on the 5-point Likert scale. Face and content validities of the questionnaire were verified by sport management professors in sport tourism discipline as well as several psychometric scholars; the reliability was obtained by Cronbach’s alpha (α=0.84). Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine factor structure and conformity factor analysis was employed to determine the construct validity using SPSS and LISREL. The results revealed that the questionnaire had an acceptable internal consistency and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.65 to 0.86 for its components. Moreover, the structure of the questionnaire showed an acceptable fit with data, and all measures of good fit verified the model. The factor analysis results were almost similar to the results of the studies conducted in the original culture and the reliability and validity coefficients were close to those of the other studies. Thus, as this questionnaire is suitable, it can be used to identify and know ski resort visitors’ motivations.   

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Motivation
  • Reliability
  • Ski Resort
  • Validity
  • Factor Structure
  • Sport Visitors

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پژوهش های فیزیولوژی و مدیریت در ورزش
دوره 10، شماره 2
مرداد 1397
صفحه 149-164

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