A Comparison of Educational Position of Physical Education Course from the Viewpoints of High School Principals, Teachers, Parents and Students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 guilan university

2 Professor of Sports Management, GUILAN UNIVERSITY

3 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Payame Noor University

Abstract

 
The aim of the present study was to compare the educational position of physical education course among other subjects from the viewpoints of principals, teachers, parents, and students. The statistical population consisted of all male and female principals and teachers (76 principals and 1537 teachers), and all high school students of Rasht city (20830 subjects) and their parents. The sample consisted of all principals, 310 teachers, 400 students (177 boys and 223 girls) and their parents (400 subjects). A researcher-made questionnaire (25 items) was used which compared different educational positions of this subject with other school subjects of first to third grades. Content and face validity was approved by 12 academic professors, 20 supervisors of different educational groups and experienced teachers; the reliability was also approved by Cronbach Alpha method (r=0.77 to r=0.82). To test the research hypotheses, Friedman test, Wilcoxon test, U Mann Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used. The results showed a significant difference between the position of physical education subject and other school subjects from the viewpoints of students, parents, principals, and teachers. Also, boys attached higher priority to physical education than girls.

Keywords


  1. Azmoon,j.,Mozaffari,AA., Hadavi,F. Comparison of Iranian girls and boys students' conception of P.E and school sports( in persian). Journal of olympic. 2011; 18(3):95-108.
  2. Esmaeeli,M., Amirtash,AM., Moshref javadi, B.  Comparative study of P.E curriculum in Iran and selected countries' elementary schools( in persian). Journal of harkat, 2007; 28:69-86.
  3. Aslankhani, MA.,Fathi,K., Ghalenoe,A.  Comparison of principals, P.E teachers and students' point views about quantitative and qualitative status of P.E curriculum implementation in high schools( in persian). Journal of harkat. 2003; 12:5-17.
  4. Afzalpur,MA.,Zerang,M., Khoshbakhti,J. Evaluation of status of P.E curriculum implementation in south Khorasan's elementary schools (first and second grades) ( in persian). Journal of Research on science sport. 2008; 16:107-125.
  5. Anoshe,S.  Investigation of parents' point views about current status if P.E curriculum in Tehran's elementary school( in persian). Thesis of MA, Tehran, University of Slamic Azad. 2008; pp:16-17.
  6. Pasandide, M. Investigation and evaluation of P.E curriculum status in Sabzevar's elementary schools( in persian). Thesis of MA, Tehran,Payamenoor University. 2010; pp:15-18.
  7. Jalili, GH.  Duties of education ministry towards students health and hygiene( in persian), Journal of Sport value. 2010; 172: 9.
  8. Habibi, E. Investigation of implementation methods and issues of P.E curriculum in Varzaghan's high schools in principals, P.E teachers, and students' point views( in persian). Thesis of MA, Tehran,Payamenoor University. 2010; pp:17-26.
  9. Heydarpur,GH. Investigation of girls and boys elementary and high school principals' attitudes towards P.E curriculum in Miandoab( in persian).Thesis of MA, Tehran University. 1999 ;
  10. pp:25-28.
  11. Khavari, L., Yousefiyan, J. Investigation of implementation status of P.E curriculum in Yazd's high schools( in persian). Research on sport science. 2009; 18: 87-100.
  12.  Khalilpur, Y. Investigation of P.E curriculum in Khoy's elementary schools( in persian). Thesis of MA, Tarbiyt modarres University. 2011; pp:16-19.
  13. Zahmatkesh, A. Description the situation of P.E curriculum implementation in Tehran's boy's private schools( in persian). Thesis of MA, Tarbiyt moallem University. 2001; p:39-44.
  14. Shabanibahar,GH., Erfani,N., Bakhtiyar, Z. survey and requirements assessment of students about P.E curriculum in Malayer's high schools in academic year of 2004( in persian). Journal of harkat. 2008; 33:153-164.
  15. Fallah,M . Description and comparison of principals and parents' attitudes in Yazd's high schools( in persian).Thesis of MA, Tehran, University of Slamic Azad. 2002; pp:14-20.
  16. Mohammadizade,S.  investigation of achieved educational goals level of P.E curriculum in Mazandaran's elementary schools( in persian). Thesis of MA,Mazandaran University. 2011; P:15-29.
  17. Mozaffari,AA., Moeinfard,M., Pursoltani, H.,Moshrefjavadi, B., Esmaeeli,M.  description the situation of P.E curriculum implementation in 1st, 2nd and 3rd grades in elementary schools of the country( in persian). Journal of Movement science and sport. 2010; 7(14):119-139.
  18. Hardman,K., Marshal,J.  P.E curriculum in the school of the world (articles). Physical Education of Ministry of Education. 2014; pp:49.
  19. Hojabri,K.,Ramzaninejad,R., Hemmatinejad, M.  investigation of P.E curriculum priority among the other curricula in high school ( in persian). Journal of Sport management and Development. Guilan University, 2014; 3:73-89.
  20. Alenezi , Madallah.  Attitudes of seconary students toward physical education. Thesis (Ph.D.).Pennsylvania State University. 2005; pp35-39.
  21. Al- liheibi, Abdullah hamid nasser. Middle and high school students attitudes toward physical education in saudi arabia. university of arkansas. . 2008 ; pp43-61.
  22. Bernstein,Eve., Phillips,Sharon R.,Silverman,Stephen. Attitudes and perceptions of middle school students toward competitive activities in physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. 2011;30:69-83.
  23. Bibak, Janice M.,Goodwin, stephen C .,Omega-smith, elizabeth M. High school students attitudes toward physical education in delaware. physical educator, 00318981 . 2007; 64(4).79-91.
  24. Biddle,S.J.H.,Mutrie,N. Psychology of physical activity:Determinants,well-being and interventions.2Edn,Routledge,New Yourk, 2008; pp:428.ISBN:041536664X.
  25. Butcher, J.  Student satisfaction with physical education , canadian association for health, physical education and recreation Journal . 1982;48(5):11-14.
  26. Cairney,John.,YW Kwan,Matthew.,Velduizen,Scott.,Hay,John.,R Bray,Steven.,and Faught,Brent E. Gender,perceived competence and enjoyment of physical education in children:a longitudinal examinatio. International Journal of behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2012; 9:26 doi:10.1186/1479-5868-9-26.
  27. Chaapel,Holly.,Columnal,Luis.,Lytle,Rebecca.,Bailey,Iollen.  Parental Expectations AboutAdaptedPhysicalEducationServices.ThejournalofSpecialEducation. 2013;47(3):186-196.
  28. James Athan Krouscas,Jr. Middle school students attitudes toward a physical education program,Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the virginia polytechnic in stitute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia. 1999;41-47.
  29. José Francisco Filipe Marmeleira , Nuno Micael Carrasqueira AldeiasPedro Miguel dos Santos Medeira da Graça. Physical activity levels in Portuguese high school physical education,Review.  2012 ; 18(2):191-204.
  30. Lee,A.M. Promoting lifelong physical activity through quality physical education . Journal of Phys.Edue.Res.dance. 2004; 75:21-26.
  31. McCron,Tami,Morris,Marian,Walker,Matthew. Pupil  Choices at key stage3, Literature Review , National Foundation for Education Research(NFER). 2005; pp50-56.
  32. Megan leatham Dubois. Parental attitudes and perceptions related to their childrens physical activity and eating patterns. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science,university of utah. 2010; pp48-67.
  33. OfficeforstandardsinEducation[FSTED].Specialistschools:asecond evalution,Girlsperceptionofphysicaleducationatkeytage3atEarlhamhigh school, London:HMSO. 2005.
  34. Prochaska,J.J.,Sallis,J.F.,Slymen,D.J.,Mckenzie,T.L. Alongitudinalstudyof childrens enjoyment of physical education.Pediat Exerc Sci.  2003;15:170-178.
  35. Quennerstedt, Mikael., Ohman, Marie.,Eriksson, Charli. Physical education in Sweden-anationalevaluation. SchoolofHealthandMedicalscience,Orebro University,education-line. 2008;1-17.
  36. Rajmund,Tomik. Adolescent attitudes towards sport depending on school level, Gender and school sports club membership. Journal of Human kinetics. 2008 ;20:121-130.
  37. Ramiz,Arabic J. Attitudes toward physical education and class preferences of Turkish secondary and high school students. elementary education onlineJournal. 2009;8(1):2-8.
  38. Saffici,C. Theperceivedrelevanceofphysicaleducation ,physical Educator. 1999 ;56(3):138-214.
  39. silverman,S . Low-skilled children in physical education:A model of factors that impact their experiences and learning.In F. Carrerio da Costa,M.Cloes,& M.Gonalez (Eds.), The art and science of teaching in physical education and sport: Ahomage to Maurice Piéron (pp. 211–226). 2005;Lisboa: Faculdade de Motricidal Serviço de Edições.
  40. Subramaniam,P.R.,& Silverman,S . Using complimentary data:An investigation of student attitude in physical education. journal of sport pedagogy. 2002; 8:74-91.
  41. Subramaniam,P.R.,& Silverman,S. Middle school studentsattitudes toward physical education. Teaching and Teacher Education. 2007;23(5):602-611.
  42. Zeng, Howard Z., Hipscher, Michael, and Leung,Raymond W.  Attitudes of high school students toward physical education and their sport activity preferences, Journal of social science. 2011; 7(4):529-537.