Cardiovascular diseases are recognized as one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. These diseases, which affect the heart and blood vessels, are associated with arterial stiffness, a predictor of their occurrence. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of combined exercise along with cocoa consumption on arterial stiffness in overweight and obese adult women. This semi-experimental study was conducted using a randomized pre-test–post-test design with a control group. A total of 32 adult women with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 were selected through purposive sampling and randomly divided into four equal groups. Arterial stiffness was measured 24 hours before and after the intervention. The combined exercise program was performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week. In the cocoa consumption and combined groups, participants consumed 10 grams of dark chocolate daily at a specific morning time. The research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene’s test, ANCOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc test) via SPSS software. The results indicated significant differences among the four groups in the variables of the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI), with the most significant changes observed in the combined group. These findings suggest that physical activity, particularly combined exercise along with cocoa consumption, can reduce arterial stiffness in overweight and obese adult women.