Fetoin A is a circulating glycoprotein that plays an important role in glucose regulation and insulin resistance. The present meta-analysis study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on fetoin A levels and glycemic indices in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Magiran, Irandon, Noor Mags, and SID databases were systematically searched for articles published up to (12 March 2025). The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random model and CMA2 software to determine the effect, and the (I2) test was used to determine heterogeneity, and the Funnel Plant test and Egger test were used to examine publication bias. A total of 7 studies (with 9 aerobic exercise interventions) were meta-analyzed on 228 obese subjects with type 2 diabetes, and the results showed that aerobic exercise intervention in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes significantly reduced fetoin A by a weighted mean difference of -48.021 mg/L (P=0.002), glucose by a weighted mean difference of -18.883 mg/dL (P=0.001), insulin by a weighted mean difference of -0.889 mg/dL (P=0.029), and insulin resistance by a weighted mean difference of -0.947 mg/dL (P=0.012) compared to the control group. The results of the present meta-analysis showed that aerobic exercise had significant reducing effects on fetoin A levels and glycemic indices (glucose, insulin, insulin resistance) in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.