مقایسۀ تأثیر تمرینات بازتوانی در استخر و خشکی بر نیمرخ لیپیدی و شاخص‌های قلبی-عروقی در زنان سالمند بی‌تحرک دارای اضافه ‌وزن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت ‌بدنی، واحد محلات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، محلات، ایران

2 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت ‌بدنی، واحد محلات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، محلات، ایران

3 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت ‌بدنی، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران

چکیده

 
کاهش عملکرد در اجرای تمریناتی ورزشی که به تحمل وزن نیاز ‌دارند، در سالمندان مشاهده می‌شود. همچنین تأمین سلامت بانوان بنابر نقش‌های اجتماعی آنها بسیار مهم است. با این ‌حال تجویز فعالیت بدنی در زنان سالمندان نیازمند ملاحظات ویژه‌ای است. یکی از بهترین راهکارها استفاده از تمرینات در آب است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسۀ دو نوع تمرینات بازتوانی در استخر و خشکی بر برخی شاخص‌های قلبی-عروقی و نیمرخ لیپیدی در زنان سالمند کم‌تحرک بود. 36 زن سالمند به‌صورت تصادفی و مساوی به 3 گروه تمرین در آب، تمرین در خشکی و کنترل تقسیم شدند. 12 هفته تمرینات در آب و خشکی (حرکت روی نوار گردان) (3 جلسه، هر جلسه 60 دقیقه) در دامنۀ شدت 80-70 درصد حداکثر ضربان قلب اوج اجرا شد. پیش و پس از اجرای مداخلات توان هوازی، شاخص‌های آنتروپومتریکی، قلبی-عروقی (فشار خون و ضربان قلب) و نیمرخ لیپیدی ارزیابی شد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون t مستقل و تحلیل واریانس یکراهه استفاده شد. برای تمام متغیر‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده در گروه‌های تمرین در آب و خشکی مقادیر پس‌آزمون نسبت به پیش‌آزمون بهبود معناداری را نشان داد (05/0P≤). تغییرات تمامی متغیر‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده بین گروه‌ها در مقایسه با گروه کنترل مطالعه به‌طور معناداری متفاوت بود (001/0P=). با این ‌حال تفاوتی بین گروه‌های تمرین در آب و خشکی مشاهده نشد. اثربخشی یکسان هر دو نوع تمرین نشان داد که تمرین در آب می‌تواند جایگزین تمرینات در خشکی شود. این موضوع به‌دلیل رعایت تحمل وزن به‌ویژه در زنان سالمند اهمیت بیشتری پیدا می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparison of the Effect of Aquatic and Land-based Exercise Rehabilitation on Lipid Profile and Cardiovascular Indicators in Overweight Sedentary Elderly Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahya Armandi 1
  • Bahram Abedi 2
  • Hosain Fatollahi 3
1 Master of science in sport physiology, Department of Physical Education, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University. Mahallat, Iran.
2 professor of sport physiology, Department of Physical Education, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University. Mahallat, Iran.
3 Assistant professore of sport physiology, Department of Physical Education, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University. Pardis, Iran
چکیده [English]

 
The decrease in performance during weight-bearing exercise is observed in older adults. It is also important to guarantee the health of women considering their social roles. However, prescribing physical activity in older women requires special consideration. One of the best ways is to use aquatic exercises. The aim of the present study was to compare the two types of aquatic and land-based exercise rehabilitation on some cardiovascular and lipid profile parameters in sedentary elderly women. Thirty-six elderly women were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups including aquatic training, land-based exercise, and control groups. Twelve weeks of aquatic and land-based exercise rehabilitation (treadmill walking) (3 sessions, 60 minutes each session) were performed in the range of 70-80% of peak heart rate. Aerobic power, anthropometric parameters, cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure and heart rate), and lipid profiles were assessed before and after interventions. Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. Post-test values ​​showed a significant improvement for all variables in the water and land-based training groups (P≤0. 05). Changes in all measured variables were significantly different among the studied groups compared to the control group (P=0.001). However, there was no difference between the aquatic and land-based training method. The same efficacy of both types of exercise showed that aquatic training can replace on land-based training. This issue is more important due to the weight-bearing, especially in older women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquatic exercise
  • Elderly women
  • Hypertension
  • Land exercise
  • Lipid Profile
  • Rehabilitation

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پژوهش های فیزیولوژی و مدیریت در ورزش
دوره 12، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 59-69

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