Introduction: Monitoring the training progress of cyclists is vital for optimizing training programs, preventing overtraining, and enhancing performance. This study aims to report on various physiological and mental measures used to evaluate the training response and fitness of athletes.



Methods: This descriptive, observational study investigated indicators reflecting automatic cardiac activity, submaximal heart rate scale, performance indicators, perception of freshness, and sleep throughout the training camps in the preparation phase for elite male cyclists. The sample consisted of 17 elite male cyclists who were members of the Iranian national team. Participants were monitored during four training microcycles or camps leading up to the Asian Cup. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and ANOVA with repeated measurements.



Results: This research revealed that resting heart rate decreased during the four stages of the camp (P=0.001). However, heart rate increased (P=0.001). No significant changes were observed in sub-maximal heart rate (P=0.14). Perception of freshness decreased, and functional power threshold increased significantly during the four stages of the camp (P=0.001, P=0.001), but RPE changes did not reach statistical significance (P=0.237). Additionally, there were no significant differences in sleep indices (P=0.642, P=0.105, P=0.973).



Conclusion: The training of elite athletes in the sports camp over the course of four stages can positively impact performance and improve physiological and cardiovascular conditions.