طراحی مدل‌ فعالیت‌بدنی زنان‌میانسال ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایرانان،

4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شناخت دقیق چگونگی فعالیت‌بدنی زنان‌میانسال در کشور به‌منظور برنامه‌ریزی و اجرای اقداماتی در جهت توسعه آن بسیار اهمیت دارد. ازهمین‌رو؛ هدف این تحقیق طراحی مدل‌ فعالیت‌بدنی زنان‌میانسال ایرانی بود. روش‌تحقیق از نوع نظریه‌داده‌بنیاد رویکرد نظامند بود. نمونه‌گیری از نوع نمونه‌گیری‌نظری بود. تحلیل‌داده‌ها از طریق «پرسش» و «مقایسه» مستمر انجام شد. برای رسیدن به اشباع‌نظری، ضمن بررسی متون تخصصی، با 35 زن میانسال (40-65 ساله) که به طور مرتب به فعالیت‌بدنی می‌پرداختند مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختار یافته انجام شد. در پایان مراحل مختلف کدگذاری 128 مفهوم مهم، 30 زیرمقوله و‌ 9 مقوله اصلی شناسایی شد و فعالیت‌بدنی به عنوان متغیر محوری تعیین گردید. در پایان مرحله کدگذاری‌گزینشی، مدل مفهومی مورد نظر طراحی شد که در آن «توصیه‌ها و ترویج‌ها»، «دانش و آگاهی»، «ترس و پیشگیری» و «ورزش‌درمانی» بر روی «انگیزش» تاثیر می‌گذارند و زنان‌میانسال باتوجه‌به سطح «انگیزش»، «امکانات» و «چالش‌ها» به «فعالیت‌بدنی» پرداخته و «فواید فعالیت‌بدنی» را تجربه می‌کنند. «تجربه فواید فعالیت‌بدنی» باعث تکرار فرآیند و شکل‌گیری حلقه استمرار فعالیت‌بدنی می‌شود. «بیماری‌ها و مشکلات جسمانی» دوران میانسالی مهمترین مساله زنان ایرانی در این دوران است. بنابراین ترس از ابتلاء و یا درمان این بیماری‌ها و مشکلات جسمانی مهمترین دغدغه زنان‌میانسال در ایران است. با توجه به مهمترین یافته‌های تحقیق؛ افزایش آگاهی، افزایش تهدید درک شده، و ترویج فعالیت‌بدنی بین زنان‌میانسال در سطح جامعه بسیاری ضروی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a model of physical activity for middle-aged Iranian women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ameneh Asadolahi 1
  • Seyyed Hamid Sajjadi 2
  • Zinat Nikaeen 3
  • Ali Zarei 4
1 PhD Student of Sport Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Sports Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
3 Department of Sports Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
4 Department of Sports Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
چکیده [English]

It is very important to know exactly how middle-aged women's physical activity in the country in order to plan and implement measures for its development. Therefore; the purpose of this study was to design a model of physical activity for middle-aged Iranian women. The research method was Grounded Theory, systematic approach. Sampling was theoretical. Data analysis was performed through continuous "questioning" and "comparison". In-order-to achieve theoretical saturation, Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 middle-aged women (40-65 years old) who regularly participated in physical activity, while reviewing specialized texts. At the end of different stages of coding, 128 important concepts, 30 subcategories and 9 main categories were identified. Physical activity was determined as the axial variable. At the end of the selective-coding stage, a conceptual model was designed in which "Advices and promotions", "knowledge and awareness", "fear and prevention" and "physical therapy" affect "motivation". Middle-aged women participate in physical activity according to the level of "motivation", "facilities" and "challenges", and subsequently experience the "benefits of physical activity". The "experience of the benefits of physical activity" causes the process to be repeated and the cycle of continuing physical activity to be formed. "Diseases and physical problems" of middle-age is the most important issue for Iranian women at this stage. Therefore, fear of getting or treating these diseases and physical problems is the most important concern of middle-aged Iranian women. According to the most important research findings; increasing awareness, increasing perceived threats, and promoting physical activity among middle-aged women at the community level are necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Physical activity
  • Middle-aged women
  • Fear of Aging
  • Walking
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