تأثیر بی‌تمرینی به دنبال یک دوره تمرینات عملکردی بر عوامل مهارتی و آمادگی جسمانی در دختران والیبالیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشکدة علوم تربیتی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز،ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشکدة علوم تربیتی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز،ایران

چکیده

سازگاری‌های برنامه‌های تمرینی در آمادگی جسمانی ورزشکاران متفاوت است که در این میان حفظ سازگاری‌های به‌دست‌آمده از تمرینات و تداوم بهینه این سازگاری‌ها دغدغة محققان و متخصصان فیزیولوژی ورزشی است. ازاین‌رو هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر بی‌تمرینی در پی یک دوره تمرین عملکردی بر عوامل مهارتی و آمادگی جسمانی در دختران نوجوان والیبالیست بود. به این منظور از بین دختران والیبالیست منتخب شهرستان زرقان، 23 نفر انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه کنترل (10=n، سن 66/0±13سال، قد 06/6 ±10/160 سانتی‌متر، وزن 2/11±25/56 کیلوگرم) و تجربی (13=n، سن 66/0±53/13، قد 8/6±46/163 سانتی‌متر و وزن 07/10±32/59 کیلوگرم) تقسیم شدند. ابتدا آزمودنی‌ها به مدت چهار هفته تمرینات عملکردی موردنظر را با شدت پیشرونده انجام دادند و پس از پایان چهار هفته به مدت دو هفته وارد دوره بی‌تمرینی شدند. متغیرهای پژوهش شامل آزمون تکرار تلاش، چابکی حرفه‌ای، پرش با دورخیز و حس عمقی تعیین شد که طبق پروتکل تمرینی موردنظر به صورت میدانی در سه زمان پیش از تمرینات، بعد از تمرینات و پس از دورة بی‌تمرینی اندازه‌گیری گردید. نتایج تحلیل واریانس ترکیبی نشان از بهبود معنادار آزمون تکرار تلاش، زمان چابکی حرفه‌ای، پرش ارتفاع و حس عمقی بعد از یک ماه تمرین عملکردی داشت (05/0>P). همچنین پس از یک دوره بی‌تمرینی با وجود ایجاد افت در متغیرهای موردنظر، ولی این افت به لحاظ آماری معنادار نبود (05/0≤P). به‌نظر می‌رسد یک ماه تمرین عملکردی می‌تواند عامل مهمی در بهبود عوامل مهارتی و جسمانی در دختران نوجوان والیبالیست باشد و حتی می‌تواند از تأثیر دوره بی‌تمرینی بر عملکرد جسمانی و مهارتی آنها جلوگیری کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Detraining After A Series of Functional Training on Some of Skill and Physical Fitness Factors in girls Volleyball Players

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Nemati 1
  • Tahereh Taherizadeh 2
  • Mohammad Hemmatinafar 1
  • Enayatallah Asadmanesh 1
  • Afsane Omidvari 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Education and Pshycology, University of shiraz, shiraz, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student of Sport Physiology, School of Education and Pshycology, University of shiraz, shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

  Training adaptations vary due to the training programs. Maintenance of the adaptations obtained through training is a great concern of researchers and experts in sports physiology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of detraining on skill and physical fitness of female teenage volleyball players, following a period of functional training. 23 female teenage volleyball players were selected from Zarghan city. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of control (n=10, age: 13± 0.66 years old, height: 160.10±0.06 cm, weight: 56.25±11.2 kg) and experimental (n=13, age: 13.53±0.66, height: 163.45±6.8 cm, weight: 59.32±10.07). First, the subjects did functional training, for four weeks, with an incremental intensity. After four weeks of training, they passed the two-week detraining period. The variables included repeated-effort test (RET), professional agility, Broad jump and proprioception, which were measured in the field, before and after training and after the detraining period. The results of the Mixed ANOVA showed a significant increase in RET, professional agility time, altitude jump and Proprioception, after one month of functional training (p <0.05). After a period of detraining, there was a decrease in all variables, which was not statistically insignificant (p ≥0.05). It seems that one month of functional training can improve and prevent the effect of detraining on skill and physical fitness of female teenage volleyball players.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Detraining
  • Functional Training
  • Proprioception
  • RET

1. Karahan, M., The effect of the prolonged competitive season on semi-elite female volleyball players’ physical performance. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 2018. 20(1): p. 15-20.

2. Santana, J.C., Functional training. 2015: Human Kinetics.

3. Yildiz, S., S. Pinar, and E. Gelen, Effects of 8-week functional vs. Traditional training on athletic performance and functional movement on prepubertal tennis players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2019. 33(3): p. 651-661.

4. Oliver, G.D. and R. Di Brezzo, Functional balance training in collegiate women athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2009. 23(7): p. 2124-2129.

5.Golzari, MH; Keshavarz, SA; siasi, F. Investigating the effect of taking basil plant on the blood sugar levels of type II diabetic patients,pejouhandeh, 2002; 7 (4), 9-15. (in persian).

6. Miller, H.T., Postmodern public policy. 2002: Suny Press.

7.Costill, D.L., W.L. Kenney, and J. Wilmore, Physiology of sport and exercise. 2008: Human kinetics.

8.Joo, C.H., The effects of short term detraining and retraining on physical fitness in elite soccer players. PLoS One, 2018. 13(5): p. e0196212.

9.Meylan, C.M., et al., The effect of maturation on adaptations to strength training and detraining in 11-15-year-olds. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2014. 24(3): p. e156-64.

10. Fathi, A., et al., Effect of a 16-Week Combined Strength and Plyometric Training Program Followed by a Detraining1 Period on Athletic Performance in Pubertal Volleyball Players. J Strength Cond Res, 2019. 33(8): p. 2117-2127. Sheppard, 11.J.M., et , Development of a repeated-effort test for elite men's volleyball. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2007. 2(3): p. 292-304.

12. Martinez, D.B., Consideration for power and capacity in volleyball vertical jump performance. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 2017. 39(4): 36-48.

13. Oldenburg, S., Complete conditioning for volleyball. 2014: Human Kinetics.

14. Tabatabaee, R.A., et al., The Effect of Ankle TheraBand Training on Dynamic Balance Index Among Elite Male Basketball Players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2019. 10(2).

15. Schaun, G.Z., et al., Correlation between agility, lower limb power and performance in a sport-specific test in female volleyball players. situations, 2013. 4: p. 6.

16. Sahoo, A.A. and S. Shenoy, Comparison of Swiss Ball Exercises and Plyometric Training for Improving Speed and Agility in Inter-University Level Male Field Hockey Players. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2019. 9(6): p. 60-66.

17. Cinar-Medeni, O., et al., Plyometric training combined with jump rope training in female adolescent volleyball players. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal Health Sci.

18. Maniazhagu, D., S. Malar, and M. Murali, INFLUENCES OF TWO COMBINATIONS OF NEUROMUSCULAR DRILLS AND ASANA PRACTICES ON AGILITY OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS.

19. Hale, D., et al., Vertical jump and agility performance improve after an 8-week conditioning program in youth female volleyball athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 2019. 19(1): p. 765-771.

20. Voelzke, M., et al., Promoting lower extremity strength in elite volleyball players: effects of two combined training methods. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2012. 15(5): p. 457-462.

21. Santos, A.P., et al., The effects of concurrent resistance and endurance training follow a detraining period in elementary school students. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2012. 26(6): p. 1708-1716.

22. Santos, A., et al., The effects of concurrent resistance and endurance training follow a specific detraining cycle in young school girls. Journal of human kinetics, 2011. 29(Special-Issue): p. 93-103.

23. Chatzinikolaou, A., et al., The trainability of adolescent soccer players to brief periodized complex training. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 2018. 13(5): 645-655.

24. Chaouachi, A., et al., Global training effects of trained and untrained muscles with youth can be maintained during 4 weeks of detraining. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2019. 33(10): p. 2788-2800.

25. Ingle, L., M. Sleap, and K. Tolfrey, The effect of a complex training and detraining programme on selected strength and power variables in early pubertal boys. Journal of sports sciences, 2006. 24(9): p. 987-997.

26. Sahin, H.M., Relationships between acceleration, agility, and jumping ability in female volleyball players. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014. 4(1): p. 303-308.

27. Selmanović, A., D. Milanović, and Z. Čustonja, Effects of an additional basketball and volleyball program on motor abilities of fifth grade elementary school students. Collegium antropologicum, 2013. 37(2): p. 391-400.

28. Imai, A., et al., Effects of two types of trunk exercises on balance and athletic performance in youth soccer players. International journal of sports physical therapy, 2014. 9(1): p. 47.

29. Faigenbaum, A.D., et al., Effects of detraining on fitness performance in 7-year-old children. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2013. 27(2): p. 323-330.

مراجع

  1. 1. Karahan, M., The effect of the prolonged competitive season on semi-elite female volleyball players’ physical performance. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 2018. 20(1): p. 15-20.
  2. 2. Santana, J.C., Functional training. 2015: Human Kinetics.
  3. 3. Yildiz, S., S. Pinar, and E. Gelen, Effects of 8-week functional vs. Traditional training on athletic performance and functional movement on prepubertal tennis players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2019. 33(3): p. 651-661.
  4. 4. Oliver, G.D. and R. Di Brezzo, Functional balance training in collegiate women athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2009. 23(7): p. 2124-2129.

5.Golzari, MH; Keshavarz, SA; siasi, F. Investigating the effect of taking basil plant on the blood sugar levels of type II diabetic patients,pejouhandeh, 2002; 7 (4), 9-15. (in persian).

  1. 6. Miller, H.T., Postmodern public policy. 2002: Suny Press.
  2. Costill, D.L., W.L. Kenney, and J. Wilmore, Physiology of sport and exercise. 2008: Human kinetics.
  3. Joo, C.H., The effects of short term detraining and retraining on physical fitness in elite soccer players. PLoS One, 2018. 13(5): p. e0196212.

9.Meylan, C.M., et al., The effect of maturation on adaptations to strength training and detraining in 11-15-year-olds. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2014. 24(3): p. e156-64.

  1. 10. Fathi, A., et al., Effect of a 16-Week Combined Strength and Plyometric Training Program Followed by a Detraining Period on Athletic Performance in Pubertal Volleyball Players. J Strength Cond Res, 2019. 33(8): p. 2117-2127.
  2. 11. Sheppard, J.M., et , Development of a repeated-effort test for elite men's volleyball. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2007. 2(3): p. 292-304.
  3. 12. Martinez, D.B., Consideration for power and capacity in volleyball vertical jump performance. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 2017. 39(4): 36-48.
  4. 13. Oldenburg, S., Complete conditioning for volleyball. 2014: Human Kinetics.
  5. 14. Tabatabaee, R.A., et al., The Effect of Ankle TheraBand Training on Dynamic Balance Index Among Elite Male Basketball Players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2019. 10(2).
  6. 15. Schaun, G.Z., et al., Correlation between agility, lower limb power and performance in a sport-specific test in female volleyball players. situations, 2013. 4: p. 6.
  7. 16. Sahoo, A.A. and S. Shenoy, Comparison of Swiss Ball Exercises and Plyometric Training for Improving Speed and Agility in Inter-University Level Male Field Hockey Players. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2019. 9(6): p. 60-66.
  8. 17. Cinar-Medeni, O., et al., Plyometric training combined with jump rope training in female adolescent volleyball players. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal Health Sci.
  9. 18. Maniazhagu, D., S. Malar, and M. Murali, INFLUENCES OF TWO COMBINATIONS OF NEUROMUSCULAR DRILLS AND ASANA PRACTICES ON AGILITY OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS.
  10. 19. Hale, D., et al., Vertical jump and agility performance improve after an 8-week conditioning program in youth female volleyball athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 2019. 19(1): p. 765-771.
  11. 20. Voelzke, M., et al., Promoting lower extremity strength in elite volleyball players: effects of two combined training methods. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2012. 15(5): p. 457-462.
  12. 21. Santos, A.P., et al., The effects of concurrent resistance and endurance training follow a detraining period in elementary school students. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2012. 26(6): p. 1708-1716.
  13. 22. Santos, A., et al., The effects of concurrent resistance and endurance training follow a specific detraining cycle in young school girls. Journal of human kinetics, 2011. 29(Special-Issue): p. 93-103.
  14. 23. Chatzinikolaou, A., et al., The trainability of adolescent soccer players to brief periodized complex training. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 2018. 13(5): 645-655.
  15. 24. Chaouachi, A., et al., Global training effects of trained and untrained muscles with youth can be maintained during 4 weeks of detraining. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2019. 33(10): p. 2788-2800.
  16. 25. Ingle, L., M. Sleap, and K. Tolfrey, The effect of a complex training and detraining programme on selected strength and power variables in early pubertal boys. Journal of sports sciences, 2006. 24(9): p. 987-997.
  17. 26. Sahin, H.M., Relationships between acceleration, agility, and jumping ability in female volleyball players. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2014. 4(1): p. 303-308.
  18. 27. Selmanović, A., D. Milanović, and Z. Čustonja, Effects of an additional basketball and volleyball program on motor abilities of fifth grade elementary school students. Collegium antropologicum, 2013. 37(2): p. 391-400.
  19. 28. Imai, A., et al., Effects of two types of trunk exercises on balance and athletic performance in youth soccer players. International journal of sports physical therapy, 2014. 9(1): p. 47.
  20. 29. Faigenbaum, A.D., et al., Effects of detraining on fitness performance in 7-year-old children. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2013. 27(2): p. 323-330.

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